{"id":520,"date":"2021-10-22T16:47:58","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T13:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/?p=520"},"modified":"2021-10-22T16:52:21","modified_gmt":"2021-10-22T13:52:21","slug":"sozlesmelerde-hata-ve-hile","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/22\/sozlesmelerde-hata-ve-hile\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde Hata Ve Hile"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sevgili okuyucular\u0131m merhaba,<\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde tehdit (ikrah) durumuna de\u011finmi\u015ftim.\u00a0 Bu yaz\u0131mda ise k\u0131saca “S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde Hata ve Hile” olmas\u0131 durumunda neler olabilece\u011fine de\u011finece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin \u00f6zg\u00fcr irade sonucu imzalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ve iradeyi sakatlayan etkenlerin olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine de\u011finmi\u015ftim. Peki ya taraflardan biri s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin esasl\u0131 unsurlar\u0131ndan biri ile hataya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcyse ne olacak? Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu\u00a0 Madde 30a g\u00f6re, “S\u00f6zle\u015fme kurulurken esasl\u0131 yan\u0131lmaya d\u00fc\u015fen taraf, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaz.” Burada, yan\u0131lg\u0131n\u0131n “esasl\u0131” olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aranmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Yani, hataya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen noktan\u0131n o s\u00f6zle\u015fme bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kurucu \u00f6neme sahip olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0 Bu esasl\u0131 hata, a\u00e7\u0131klamada hata olabilece\u011fi gibi yani beyan\u0131nda hata olabilece\u011fi gibi ( yan\u0131lan kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden ba\u015fka bir s\u00f6zle\u015fme i\u00e7in iradesini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015fsa, ba\u015fka bir konu i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015fsa, yan\u0131lan s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapma iradesini ger\u00e7ekte s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapmak istedi\u011fi ki\u015fiden ba\u015fkas\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015fsa, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi yaparken belirli nitelikleri olan bir ki\u015fiyi dikkate almas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n ba\u015fka bir ki\u015fi i\u00e7in irade a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015fsa, ya da ger\u00e7ekte \u00fcstlenmek istedi\u011finden \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde az\/fazla bir kar\u015f\u0131 edim i\u00e7in iradesini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015fsa) t\u00fcm bunlar “a\u00e7\u0131klamada hata” olarak kabul edilir.\u00a0 Di\u011fer yandan, basit hesap yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve saikte hata “esasl\u0131 hata “olarak nitelendirilmez.\u00a0 Ancak, saikte hatan\u0131n bir istisnas\u0131 vard\u0131r.\u00a0 O da, bir kimsenin yan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 saikinin d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck kurallar\u0131 gere\u011fince s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin temeli say\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ise, ve durum da kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u00e7a bilinebilir nitelikte ise \u015fu halde saikte hatan\u0131n da esasl\u0131 hata oldu\u011fu say\u0131labilir.\u00a0 Bunun haricinde, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin kurulmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131klaman\u0131n (iradenin) kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa yanl\u0131\u015f iletilmesi halinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan\u00a0\u00a0“iletmede hata” hali de BK 33 anlam\u0131nda esasl\u0131 hatad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 iradelerin \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmesi ilkesini bozdu\u011fu i\u00e7in s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne yol a\u00e7an hata (yan\u0131lma) hallerinde, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sebebiyle taraflardan en az birinin zarar g\u00f6rmesi olas\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu gibi hallerde kendi kusuru ile yan\u0131lan ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sebep olan taraf, di\u011fer taraf\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sebebiyle u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131 tanzim ile y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u00a0 Ancak bu durumun istinas\u0131, di\u011fer taraf\u0131n yan\u0131lan\u0131n iradesinin hata sebebiyle sakatland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmesine ya da bilebilecek durumda olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 hallerde, yan\u0131lan\u0131n tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ortadan kalkmas\u0131 halleridir.<\/p>\n

ALDATMA (H\u0130LE) hali ise, Bor\u00e7lar Kanununun 36. maddesine g\u00f6re, taraflardan birinin aldatmas\u0131 sonucu s\u00f6zle\u015fme yapan taraf yan\u0131lma halinin esasl\u0131 olup olmamas\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 de\u011fildir.\u00a0 Yani di\u011fer bir ifadeyle, aldatma sonucu olu\u015fan yan\u0131lman\u0131n esasl\u0131 olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 aranmamaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Aldatman\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeterlidir.<\/p>\n

Sorular\u0131n\u0131z bekliyorum… Bu arada sar\u0131 yazdan bir kocaman merhaba ve sevgiler….<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Avukat Gizem Tan<\/p>\n

www.dgtanhukuk.com<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sevgili okuyucular\u0131m merhaba, \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde tehdit (ikrah) durumuna de\u011finmi\u015ftim.\u00a0 Bu yaz\u0131mda ise k\u0131saca “S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerde Hata ve Hile” olmas\u0131 durumunda neler olabilece\u011fine de\u011finece\u011fim. \u00d6nceki yaz\u0131mda Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin \u00f6zg\u00fcr irade sonucu imzalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi ve iradeyi sakatlayan etkenlerin olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine de\u011finmi\u015ftim. Peki ya taraflardan biri s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin esasl\u0131 unsurlar\u0131ndan biri ile hataya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcyse ne olacak? […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-makaleler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=520"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":524,"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520\/revisions\/524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgtanhukuk.com\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}